Healthy teeth, happy pet: the oral care guide for dogs and cats

By age three, most dogs and cats already show signs of periodontal disease. Bad breath, red gums and reluctance to chew are warning bells not to ignore: chronic oral inflammation can affect the heart and kidneys.

The most effective prevention is brushing: three times a week with a pet toothbrush and specific toothpaste (never human toothpaste) is enough. Build the habit gradually with rewards, starting from a few seconds on the front teeth.

Dental treats, rubber toys and specific diets help, but they don't replace the brush. Beware of miracle remedies: no tartar-dissolving powder removes what has already mineralised.

Once tartar is there, the only path is a professional cleaning under anaesthesia, preceded by proper exams. Schedule a mouth check at every yearly visit: your vet will tell you when it's time.